Requirements for conceptual design of earthquake resistance
1. choose the right place. There are many reasons for building earthquake damage, and site condition is one of them. The damage caused by site factors is often very serious, and in some cases it is very difficult to make up for them only by means of Engineering measures. Therefore, choice of engineering site, detailed investigation, find out the terrain, geological conditions, selection of seismic favorable location, as far as possible to avoid the unfavorable influence on the seismic section, under no circumstances shall the construction may cause casualties or large economic loss of buildings in the earthquake danger area. Favourable locations for building seismic resistance generally refer to the hard site soil or the homogeneous, medium and hard site soil located in the open flat area. Buildings built on such sites generally do not cause earthquake damage due to foundation failure, thereby substantially reducing the impact of earthquakes on buildings.
2. adopt reasonable building elevation. The dynamic performance of a building depends largely on the layout and structure of the building. The layout of the building is simple and reasonable, and the arrangement of the structure conforms to the principle of seismic resistance, which can fundamentally guarantee the good seismic performance of the building. Experience has shown that simple, regular and symmetrical buildings have good seismic resistance and are not easily destroyed during an earthquake. Moreover, simple, regular and symmetrical structures are easy to calculate the seismic responses accurately, which can ensure that the seismic action has a clear and direct way of transmission, and it is easy to take seismic measures and detail processing.
3., choose the reasonable structure form. Seismic structural system is a key problem in seismic design. According to the classification of structural materials, structural systems are mainly used in masonry structure, steel structure and reinforced concrete structure, steel - concrete structure; classification according to the structure of the form, the common frame structure, shear wall structure and frame shear wall structure, simplified structure etc.. To determine the structure under seismic intensity, building height, site conditions and construction materials, construction conditions, economic conditions and other factors, is a comprehensive technical and economic problems, need careful consideration to determine.
The following provisions of the code for seismic design of building structure system: structural system should have a clear and reasonable calculation of seismic transmission channel; the structure of the system should have a multi-channel seismic line, should avoid the part structure or component damage caused by the loss of the system or the earthquake resistant capability of bearing capacity of gravity load; structure system should have the necessary seismic bearing capacity, deformation capacity and energy dissipation capacity good; the structure system should have a reasonable distribution of stiffness and bearing capacity, to avoid local weakening or mutation forms a weak position, excessive stress concentration or the concentration of plastic deformation, the possible weak parts, measures should be taken to improve the dynamic characteristics of the structure seismic capacity; in the two principal directions should be similar in structure, layout, layout should follow the symmetry and vertical arrangement of uniform The principle is to avoid the torsion of the center of mass and the stiffness of the core, resulting in torsional vibration and producing a weak layer.
4. improve the ductility of structures. The ductility of structure can be defined as the ability of inelastic deformation of structure under the condition of no obvious decrease of bearing capacity. The ductility of structures reflects the deformation capacity of structures and is one of the key factors to prevent collapse under earthquake.
Well constructed ductility can reduce seismic action, absorb and dissipate seismic energy, and avoid structural collapse. The size and structure of ductility and energy dissipation, failure mode depends on the component and its plasticizing process, ductility of flexural component is much larger than the shear component, component bending yielding and failure of earthquake input energy consumption, far higher than the energy consumed by the components of shear failure. Therefore, the structural design should strive to avoid the shear failure of components, and strive for more components to achieve bending failure. Always follow the "strong column weak beam, strong fried weak bend, strong node, weak anchor" principle. The component failure and quit work, make the whole structure from a stable system transition to another stable system, resulting in the period of the structure change, in order to avoid the seismic predominant period lasts for a long time due to the resonance effect.
5. ensure the integrity of the structure. The structure is a whole made up of many components, and can effectively resist the earthquake action through the coordination of each component. If the structure loses its integrity under the action of earthquake, the seismic capability of the structural members can not be fully exploited, so that the structure can become a motorized body and collapse. Therefore, the integrity of the structure is an important condition to ensure that all parts of the structure work in coordination with the earthquake. To ensure the integrity of the structure is an important content of seismic conceptual design.
In order to give full play to the seismic resistance of each component and ensure the integrity of the structure, the following principles should be followed in the design process: 1. The structure should be continuous. The continuity of structure is one of the important means to keep the structure intact during the earthquake. Ensure reliable connection between components. To improve the seismic performance of buildings, to ensure that all members give full play to the bearing capacity, the key is to strengthen the connection between components, which can satisfy the ductility seismic force transfer strength requirements and meet the requirements of large deformation during the earthquake. Strengthen the vertical stiffness of building. In the design, should make the structure along the longitudinal and transverse direction of the vertical 2 has enough stiffness and the building foundation has strong integrity, the harm caused by uneven subsidence and ground fissures to resist earthquakes may occur through the housing foundation.
Follow us 
Mobile Website